This document is mechanically formatted from the XML file for the LGR. It provides additional summary data and explanatory text. The XML file remains the sole normative specification of the LGR.
Date | 2016-08-30 |
---|---|
LGR Version | 1 |
Language | spa-Latn |
Unicode Version | 6.3.0 |
This document specifies a reference set of Label Generation Rules for Spanish using a limited repertoire as appropriate for a second level domain.
Most references converge on 33 Latin code points.
There is no IDN table published in the IANA Repository of IDN Practices by a Spanish-language ccTLD, but several registries' policies were investigated [700][701] for information on IDN repertoire policies.
Letters documented in some references but not included:
U+00E4 (ä) LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
U+00E5 (å) LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
U+00E6 (æ) LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
U+00EB (ë) LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
U+00EE (î) LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
U+00F6 (ö) LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
U+00F9 (ù) LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE
U+00FB (û) LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX
U+00FF (ÿ) LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS
U+0101 (ā) LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH MACRON
U+0103 (ă) LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE
U+0113 (ē) LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH MACRON
U+0115 (ĕ) LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH BREVE
U+012B (ī) LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH MACRON
U+012D (ĭ) LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH BREVE
U+014D (ō) LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH MACRON
U+014F (ŏ) LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH BREVE
U+0153 (œ) LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE
U+016B (ū) LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH MACRON
U+016D (ŭ) LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH BREVE
A number of letters not considered essential to writing the core vocabulary of the language are nevertheless in common use. Where they have not been added to the core repertoire, they are flagged as "extended-cp" in the table of code points. A context is provided that by default will prohibit labels with extended code points. To support extended single code points or code point sequences, delete the context "extended-cp" from their repertoire definition.
Spanish being used in a large number of countries complicates the question of determining an extended set. The extended code points defined here include both the extensions for Catalan, for Spanish users in Spain (see [700]), and for Portuguese, for Spanish users in, for example, Argentina (see [701]). Spanish users in other countries may need extensions for words or names from additional minority languages.
The extensions for Catalan include the sequence "l·l" for Catalan. Note that that by including the sequence, but not the middle dot by itself, the LGR satisfies the CONTEXTO constraint on U+00B7 (·) MIDDLE DOT from RFC5892 [122]. (The precomposed U+0140 (ŀ) LATIN LETTER SMALL L WITH MIDDLE DOT is DISALLOWED under IDNA 2008 [IDNAREG].)
None.
This LGR defines no named character classes.
Common rules only:
Hyphen Restrictions — restrictions on the allowable placement of hyphens (no leading/ending hyphen and no hyphen in positions 3 and 4). These restrictions are described in section 4.2.3.1 of RFC5891 [120]. They are implemented here as context rule on U+002D (-) (-) HYPHEN-MINUS.
Leading Combining Marks — restrictions on the allowable placement of combining marks (no leading combining mark). This rule is described in section 4.2.3.2 of RFC5891 [120].
Actions included are the default actions for LGRs as well as those needed to invalidate labels with misplaced combining marks.
This reference LGR for Spanish for the 2nd Level has been developed by Michel Suignard and Asmus Freytag, verified in expert reviews by Michael Everson, Nicholas Ostler, and Wil Tan, and based on multiple open public consultations.
General references for the language:
Maria Moliner, Diccionario del uso del español, Rba; 3rd edition (September 30, 2007), ISBN 978-8424928865
Alvar Ezquerra, Manuel, ed. 1997. Diccionario avanzado lengua española. Barcelona: Vox. ISBN 84-7153-947-0
Castillo, Carlos, & Otto F. Bond. 1987. The University of Chicago Spanish dictionary. Chicago&London: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-10400-8
Wikipedia: "Spanish orthography",
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_alphabet
Omniglot: "Spanish (español/castellano)"
http://www.omniglot.com/writing/spanish.htm
Other references cited in this document:
In the listing of the repertoire by code point, references starting from [0] refer to the version of the Unicode Standard in which the corresponding code point was initially encoded. Other references (starting from [100]) document usage of code points. For more details, see the Table of References below.
Number of elements in Repertoire | 44 |
---|---|
Number of extended elements | 12 |
Total entries in table | 56 |
Longest code point sequence | 3 |
Number of code points | 55 |
Number of sequences | 1 |
The following table lists the repertoire by code point (or code point sequence). The data in the Script and Name column are extracted from the Unicode character database. Where a comment in the original LGR is equal to the character name, it has been suppressed.
Code Point |
Glyph | Script | Name | References | Tags | Required Context | Part of Repertoire |
Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U+002D | - | Common | HYPHEN-MINUS | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | not: hyphen-minus-disallowed | ✔ | |
U+0030 | 0 | Common | DIGIT ZERO | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0031 | 1 | Common | DIGIT ONE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0032 | 2 | Common | DIGIT TWO | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0033 | 3 | Common | DIGIT THREE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0034 | 4 | Common | DIGIT FOUR | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0035 | 5 | Common | DIGIT FIVE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0036 | 6 | Common | DIGIT SIX | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0037 | 7 | Common | DIGIT SEVEN | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0038 | 8 | Common | DIGIT EIGHT | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0039 | 9 | Common | DIGIT NINE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0061 | a | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0062 | b | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER B | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0063 | c | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER C | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0064 | d | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER D | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0065 | e | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER E | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0066 | f | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER F | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0067 | g | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER G | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0068 | h | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER H | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0069 | i | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER I | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+006A | j | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER J | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+006B | k | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER K | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+006C | l | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER L | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+006C U+00B7 U+006C | l·l | [700], [122] | extended-cp | ◯ | Catalan L·L - CONTEXTO for MIDDLE DOT in RFC5892 | |||
U+006D | m | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER M | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+006E | n | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER N | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+006F | o | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0070 | p | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER P | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0071 | q | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER Q | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0072 | r | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER R | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0073 | s | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER S | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0074 | t | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER T | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0075 | u | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER U | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0076 | v | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER V | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0077 | w | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER W | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0078 | x | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER X | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+0079 | y | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER Y | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+007A | z | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER Z | [0], [100], [301], [401], [601] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+00E0 | à | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE | [0], [402], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00E1 | á | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [604], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+00E2 | â | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX | [0], [402], [701] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00E3 | ã | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH TILDE | [0], [402], [701] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00E7 | ç | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA | [0], [402], [603], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00E8 | è | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE | [0], [402], [700] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00E9 | é | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [604], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+00EA | ê | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX | [0], [402], [701] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00EC | ì | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE | [0], [200], [402] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00ED | í | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [604], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+00EF | ï | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS | [0], [402], [604], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00F1 | ñ | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [603], [604], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+00F2 | ò | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE | [0], [402], [700] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00F3 | ó | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [604], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+00F4 | ô | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX | [0], [402], [701] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00F5 | õ | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH TILDE | [0], [402], [701] | sc:Latn | extended-cp | ◯ | |
U+00FA | ú | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [604], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | ✔ | ||
U+00FC | ü | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [604], [700], [701] | sc:Latn | ✔ |
Throughout this LGR, a code point sequence may be annotated with a string in ALL CAPS that is constructed on the same principle as a name for a Unicode Named Sequence. No claim is made that a sequence thus annotated is in fact a named sequence, nor that the annotation in such case actually corresponds to the formal name of a named sequence.
This LGR does not specify any variants.
The following table lists all named classes with their definition and a list of their members intersected with the current repertoire (for larger classes, this list is elided).
Name | Definition | Count | Members or Ranges | Ref | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
implicit | Tag=sc:Latn | 44 Elements: | {0061-007A 00E0-00E3 00E7-00EA 00EC-00ED 00EF 00F1-00F5 00FA 00FC} | ||
implicit | Tag=sc:Zyyy | 11 Elements: | {002D 0030-0039} |
The following table lists all named rules defined in the LGR and indicates whether they are used as trigger in an action or as context (when or not-when) for a code point. (Any use of context rules for variants is not indicated).
Name | Used as Trigger |
Used as Context |
Anchor | Regular Expression | Ref | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
leading-combining-mark | ✔ | (^[∅=[[∅=\p{gc=Mn}][∅=\p{gc=Mc}]]]) |
[120] | RFC5891 restrictions on placement of combining marks | ||
hyphen-minus-disallowed | ✔ | ✔ | ((((?<=^)⚓)|(⚓(?=$))|((?<=^..\u002D)⚓))) |
[120] | RFC5891 restrictions on placement of U+002D | |
extended-cp | ✔ | (^$) |
code points from the extended range |
The following table lists the actions that are used to assign dispositions to labels and variant labels, based on the specified conditions. The order of actions defines their precedence: the first action triggered by a label is the one defining its disposition.
# | Condition | Rule / Variant Set | Disposition | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | if label matches | leading-combining-mark | → | invalid | by default, labels with leading combining marks are invalid | |
2 | if any label (catch-all) | → | valid | catch all |
[0] | The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3.0,
(Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2013. ISBN 978-1-936213-08-5)
http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.3.0/ Code points cited were originally encoded in Unicode Version 1.1 |
[100] | Internetstiftelsen i Sverige (IIS), "IDN Reference table for Spanish language"
https://github.com/dotse/IDN-ref-tables/blob/master/language-tables/spanish-lang-ref-table.txt |
[120] | RFC5891, Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Protocol http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891 |
[122] | RFC5982, Faltstrom, P., Ed., "The Unicode Code Points and Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA)", http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5892 |
[200] | ISO/IEC 6937 Third Ed. 2001-12-17- Information
technology — Coded graphic character set for text communication — Latin alphabet: Table D.1 (p 35) Use of Latin alphabetic characters. This table lists only the characters outside the set a-z |
[301] | Everson, Michael. The Alphabets of Europe: "Spanish" http://www.evertype.com/alphabets/spanish.pdf Code points cited form the standard set |
[302] | Everson, Michael. The Alphabets of Europe: "Spanish" http://www.evertype.com/alphabets/spanish.pdf Code points cited are from an extended set |
[304] | Everson, Michael. The Alphabets of Europe: "Spanish" http://www.evertype.com/alphabets/spanish.pdf Code points cited are rare or archaic |
[401] | The Unicode Consortium, Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR) Version 28 (2015-09-16) -
Locale Data Summary for Spanish [es] http://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/28/summary/es.html Code points cited are from the set of Main Letters |
[402] | The Unicode Consortium, Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR) Version 28 (2015-09-16) -
Locale Data Summary for Spanish [es] http://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/28/summary/es.html Code points cited are from the Auxiliary set |
[601] | Wikipedia: "Latin Alphabets"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_alphabets accessed 2015-10-31 According to this reference, the alphabet is listed as using the full basic set A-Z |
[603] | ISO/IEC 646:1991 — Information
technology — ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange Code points cited are supported in a national edition of ISO-646. |
[604] | Wikipedia: "Spanish orthography" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_orthography |
[700] | Dominios ".es", Syntax regulations, in "Other applicable Regulations"
http://www.dominios.es/dominios/en/todo-lo-que-necesitas-saber/normativa/otras-normas-aplicables#Sintaxis |
[701] | Dirección Nacional del Registro de Dominios de Internet, Normativa vigente,
https://nic.ar/normativa-vigente.xhtml Registry for the ".ar" domain. Explicitly mentions that the repertoire includes both the Spanish and Portuguese alphabets |